@nybiker: Yup, that's my mantra, too. RTFM. My mother has had her new camera for over a year now. I removed some photos from the memory and burned them to CD. She comes out later, thrusts the camera at me, and says angrily, "What's this?" as the screen shows some text rather than the viewfinder. I said, "You hit the MENU button when you turned it on." "Well, I don't need any of that. I've never seen that before. I thought you did something to it." May I mention she had some training as a photographer, so she knows about f-stops, shutter-speeds, composition, and film speeds and how they all relate to each other, and the MENU is where most of the main functions of the camera are set? And she's never seen it before? UGH. Classic RTFM.

This is because there are many people that either lack the skills that we here have, or they lack the time which many people here seem to have an abundance of
(quoted from earlier, "I'll rip your CD's for beer money"). Sure, I'll give you 100 cd's, and you try ripping them in less than 24 hours...no red bull, no nothing...it's $100...in my line of work (similar to what the GS does) I bill $120/hr. with a min. of 1hr. charge to go to the site. So, if you want me over to turn the power on your t.v. because you have more money than brains, I will take the money from you with a smile...just like the GS guys.

So, most people here either work at mcdonalds for $8/hr. or are students and don't have a job because mom and dad pay all the bills.

The reality of it all kids is that when you grow up and move out, stuff costs money...but so does time. When you don't want to work more than 40 hours a week for your $100k/annum salary, you don't mind paying the GS $100 to encode your CDs into mp3's to plug into the dash of your mercedes because you can't be bothered with it.

If we were to follow your analogy, if a disc becomes unplayable, you could always form your own band and record a cover for which there would be a compulsory license if you record the work. It wouldn't be exactly the same as the original recording, but neither would you working on your car unless you bought the exact parts and had the exact people/machinery building the machine. If there were patented pieces of the car you are duplicating, you'd have to pay a royalty for those, too (at least, that's what the law says).

What I was getting at is that people tend to place music in a different category than most other objects or concepts in their life. It's curious.

I think that the problem that people have when talking about music and the rights that attach to it is that a CD is both a physical object AND the copyrighted subject it embodies. Conceptually, those can be separated out and copyright law addresses both issues separately, but at the same time. But when talking about those concepts, they usually get spoken of together. When you add people's passion about music, the ease of copying, people's assumptions about copyright, and, therefore, people's false analogies about copyright, you get a lot of miscommunication.

BTW: I'm not a proponent of the RIAA. I also don't necessarily like the copyright laws the way they currently are. But it's amazing how little people actually know about the state of copyright law. I'm still trying to get an answer to that claim above where it's assumed that you can't listen to a copy and an original at the same time. It's ridiculous.

Isn't that a violation of copyright law? The RIAA's going to sue them...

An accurate analogy: If his car becomes undriveable, he should be entitled to use his own time and resources (with no cost to the original manufacturer) to build his own duplicate car.

They're good enough, in fact, I've considered applying for a job there, as I'm pretty much guaranteed a job with Dad's connections :)

Unless they found a way to streamline this program to bypass the driving and wait in line, this is going to cost people time.

It is a service for people who aren't comfortable doing this themselves.

Now, if they were saying that it is dangerous or something...

@Michael Belisle: Um, as someone living IN Japan, you STILL need toilet paper. Unless your Toto toilet seat has some firehose power setting, you'll need some TP for the...(how do I put this delicately)...remain-behind elements.

Ummm, sorry, no. #1: you're still using toilet paper. #2: For a modern solution, see Toilets in Japan.

I have a friend who is a few years younger than me and she doesn't even know how to do email. I've been on her to get it and have her teenage children teach her how so we can talk more often!

That's a LOT of CDs!

I still like buying CDs because computers die. Even if you back up, the backup can die. I still like hard copy.

Let them buy me all new CDs when they get stolen out of my car instead of the copies I put there instead, for just that reason. And yes, it did happen and all they got was the copies. Ha!

That said, I think the argument against the legality of "ripping" CDs comes from the fact that you're not just moving the data to another medium for backup, but you're converting the data to an entirely different format.

If your car becomes undriveable, are you entitled to a free one then?

I'd like to re-rip as higher bitrate AAC files now, but I don't know if I can face up to doing them (plus those gotten since then) again.

I also just want to interject my sentiment here. I have no problem with paying for music, I have a huge cd collection myself. I do however, have a problem with companies telling me what I can do with the item I paid for. Once I buy a cd that cd belongs to me, and I can do whatever I please with it.

Eventually that cd will become unplayable. Are you telling me I have to go out and buy it all over again? I don't think so. I also don't care what the law says on the matter. Just because something is law doesn't mean it's right. Now, I'm not going to go file sharing and giving it all away for free. I don't have that right. But if I want to rip my movie, or my cd to my computer for my personal use. Well, I damn well can, and I will.

I didn't pay for the piece of plastic that the data is encoded on. I paid for the music, or I paid for the movie. I have every right to preserve my purchase in the event that the original medium is damaged or becomes unplayable. Well, that's my two cents.

What about scanning Kodak slides? I have about 1,000 of 'em and haven't used slide film since those were taken, so I don't really want to buy a dedicated slide scanner, but have you seen the prices some services want for doing so?

Or do I look online for a used one? And if so, which model?

Thank you.

Sorry for the o/t request, but hey it's about 'copying' isn't it?

@pb5000: I am sorry I told my mom the RTFM acronym because now she just wants me to explain a given solution and that I shouldn't tell her "to RTFM."

@socalrob of the 24 and a half century: Nice. Where's the sign-up link?

@Esquire99: +1. It's better to ask for forgiveness than permission. Works for kids, should work great for BB.

Furthermore, you cited a quote from an attorney. Representations of attorneys during a case IS NOT LAW. Furthermore, it's a misrepresentation of what the RIAA has on its website (at least now): [www.riaa.com]
"If you do not have legal permission, and you go ahead and copy or distribute copyrighted music anyway, you can be prosecuted in criminal court and/or sued for damages in civil court."

The RIAA also lists a lot of acts that "won't usually raise concerns". This includes copying CDs for personal use. They say that "won't usually raise concerns" because they are talking about fair use here. As you know, copyright cases are highly subjective and often turn on very specific facts. It's impossible for the RIAA, Best Buy, or you to claim that there is a blanket "OK" for duplicating CDs for home use.

And that's my point.

BUT: Even if I were to grant you that CD duplicating for home use was OK per AHRA (and it's not clear b/c of the definition of "digital audio recording device," but you know that, right?), I will have to reiterate: that's not what Best Buy is doing here. AHRA explicitly doesn't allow prosecution "based on the noncommercial use by a consumer of such a device or medium for making digital musical recordings or analog musical recordings." Best Buy doesn't fit into the exception: Best Buy would be using a recording device commercially and Best Buy is not a "consumer" for purposes of the act.

>>>RIAA is about the only group that thinks ripping a CD might violate copyright law.

You know, Congress wrote the copyright act, the DMCA, the AHRA etc. If you knew what you were talking about, you'd know that RIAA is not baseless with their claims. Whether its a good business move to sue their customers is an entirely different argument (and another red herring).

Also this is another way for Geek Squad to steal more data from you. Who's to stop them from taking the mp3s for themselves. Just another way to fill their mp3 players with your music as they fap to more porn

I'm not paying someone to do something i know how to do, let alone give the vultures at geek squad money that they don't deserve. Besides with this "service" they could be ripping the CDs and also taking the music for themselves. Porn and fapping music go hand and hand for those pervs.

Besides ripping a CD really isn't that time consuming, you can rip a cd and then go back to whatever work you are doing. It's not going to take up that much system resources.

The troubling part here is that the exemption from inbfringement is specifically limited to consumers (not companies) producing the digital works:

No action may be brought under this title alleging infringement of copyright based on the manufacture, importation, or distribution of a digital audio recording device, a digital audio recording medium, an analog recording device, or an analog recording medium, or based on the noncommercial use by a consumer of such a device or medium for making digital musical recordings or analog musical recordings

@billy: It's been well established that a consumer has the right to make a personal backup copy of media they purchase. Work's almost over so I'm not going to do much digging, but the scratch-the-surface from Wiki backs it up: Wiki article on CD ripping. If you don't want to read the Wiki article, here's a nice quote from Don Verrilli who was representing MGM against Grokster during the Supreme Court case:

"And let me clarify something I think is unclear from the amicus briefs. The record companies, my clients, have said, for some time now, and it's been on their Website for some time now, that it's perfectly lawful to take a CD that you've purchased, upload it onto your computer, put it onto your iPod. There is a very, very significant lawful commercial use for that device, going forward."

I understand that record companies != RIAA, but the RIAA is about the only group that thinks ripping a CD might violate copyright law. The RIAA also thinks the solution to digital music distribution is to sue their customers to death...

@fuzzymuffins: Seriously. this is simple the way changing your own motor oil is simple--and how many people pay for a service like Jiffy Lube?

@Ayarkay: I don't know--are you a teacher?

>>>The copyright restriction on ripping commercial DVDs is the DMCA clause that makes it illegal to circumvent copyright protection.

What I'm saying is that even without DCMA protection, copyright protection would apply. Copyright protection (including DVDs and CDs) applies to creative works fixed in a tangible medium of expression. If one circumvents DCMA, you are violating DCMA. If one copies, you are violating copyright law. Bestbuy is saying that copyright law doesn't allow them to copy DVDs...the same applies to CDs.

>>>Commercial CDs are unencrypted, so it is fair use to make a backup copy of the CD.

As stated above, it's not encryption that makes copyright enforceable. Copyright protection for CDs was around well before any encryption for DVDs. If one breaks encryption, it's a violation of DMCA and that is completely independent as to whether a copyright violation occurred.

Moreover, fair use doesn't have anything to do with encryption. There are 4 general fair use defenses. Look them up. Whether the copyrighted subject matter is encrypted or not is not one of them.

>>>It is also fair use for that copy to be in a different format as long as you don't listen to the original and copy at the same time.

What the hell are you talking about? What does listening to the original and copy at the same time have to do with anything?

>>>Yes, it is technically illegal to rip your Lady Gaga CD to mp3 format and listen to the mp3 and CD of the same song at the same time.

Says who?

>>>Best Buy is simply creating those fair use backups for a service fee. If you don't want them to do it, don't send them your CDs.

You've missed the point of my argument. Part of that argument is that it's not clear that backups of CDs ARE fair use. Part of that argument is that the business model had been tried a long time ago and a court said it wasn't fair use. I won't even comment on whether I would send in my CDs or not b/c it's irrelevant and it's a red herring for you to even bring it up.

>>>Also, I doubt Best Buy is going to be sued for providing the service considering that they are the second largest brick and mortar music retailer in the US.

I don't know. How can you be so sure? As others have pointed out, there are plenty of other services that do this. Maybe such a big company will draw the ire of the RIAA.

>>>I would imagine their lawyers talked to the RIAA's lawyers before they kicked this project off.

Oh, I hope that stuff on the FAQ wasn't written by a lawyer. It's clearly wrong.

Can you provide any kind of authority for your assertion that fair use does in fact permit the ripping of a CD/DVD into a different format?

@MattAlbie:

A "few hours?" Well, that depends. Ripping CDs takes about 7-9 minutes on my computer. With even my (relatively modest) 150 CD collection, that's about 20 hours. Could well be worth it. For Dawnrazor, it would have taken about 600 hours!

@larrymac:

Sure, no problem. They'll charge you for the iPod though.

Again, the existing services that do this offer the option to put it on a device as well.

Heh, they should just build a CD to mp3 ripping machine for their stores.

Either way, as an in-home computer monkey working for them, I can see why they'd roll out something like this. Obviously, the service is not targeted at the kind of people who read/post to this web site. And as the article points out, why pay somebody to do this? Those in the know, or played with any newer media player for more than five minutes, certainly can do it themselves.

But there are some people out there who are scared to *death* about doing anything in their computers they're not comfortable with. There are also those out there who honestly have no desire whatsoever to learn anything that the magic email and internet box can do, and want it to "just work." I mean, I've seriously ruined people's days just by moving an icon from one side of the screen to the other. If they drop a CD in their drive, and get an autoplay message with five different programs popping up, they go into deer in headlights mode. If some person can do the grunt work for them, they'd be happy to pay the money. The target customer is someone who buys their own "Microsoft Zune Ipod" because their neighbors have one, or their kids are wanting to have some of these "emm pee threes" on the family computer.

From what it looks like on the order page, this would be something not touched by the in-store or in-home guys, and rightly so. The powers that be have been chasing store after store, and doing monthly audits now, to make sure that any customer information isn't retained. If this was offered in your local Best Buy, I could see it turning into a "Let's see how many MP3's we can queue up on our company computer!" contest...

a professional plumber can fix a broken toilet in his own house. a tax guy can certainly do his own taxes. a mechanic will fix his own car. techies take care of their own computer problems.

indeed the more 'common' the task, the lesser the value of the service. if there is a segment of the population that doesn't have the tech savvy to burn their own CD's (and there are PLENTY), then the service to me is legit. we all decide at some point: do i do this myself? or just pay someone else to.

just because you pay a person to clean your house, when you sure could do it yourself, are someone who's being ripped off?

@billy: You don't know what you're talking about. The copyright restriction on ripping commercial DVDs is the DMCA clause that makes it illegal to circumvent copyright protection. Commercial DVDs are encrypted using the CSS algorithm. If you break the CSS encryption, you have bypassed a copyright protection measure and violated the DMCA. Commercial CDs are unencrypted, so it is fair use to make a backup copy of the CD. It is also fair use for that copy to be in a different format as long as you don't listen to the original and copy at the same time. Yes, it is technically illegal to rip your Lady Gaga CD to mp3 format and listen to the mp3 and CD of the same song at the same time.

Best Buy is simply creating those fair use backups for a service fee. If you don't want them to do it, don't send them your CDs.

Also, I doubt Best Buy is going to be sued for providing the service considering that they are the second largest brick and mortar music retailer in the US. I would imagine their lawyers talked to the RIAA's lawyers before they kicked this project off.

I roll my eyes at this, but I bet there are people who would actually pay for this or have asked for the service. Sad, but true.

I had a friend at my last job who sent his entire CD collection off to a ripping service, it came bake on a handful of DVDs as high quality mp3s. It didnt' seem like a terrible idea to me...

There are a bunch of services that do this already, and this pricing is comparable.

Also, CDs take about 7-9 mins to rip on my computer, not 2 mins. I seriously thought about using one of these services, before I decided to just do it myself.

This isn't some wild and wacky scheme...

Do you want to pay someone to tie your shoes for you, too?

You're willing to pay $400 for someone to do something you can do for a few hours over the course of a weekend?

This is a ridiculous service!

>>>Do you rip burned or bootleg CDs?
No. Due to US copyright law along with the respect we have for the hard working people in the music business, we only rip CDs that you have purchased or acquired legally.

This makes no logical sense. They are discouraging the duplicating of previously ripped music, by ripping the music themselves? It also ignores copyright law.

>>>Is ripping my collection legal?
Yes. Your digital music library belongs to you and when engaging our service you agree not to transfer your music files to others. We return all of your CDs to you.

This ignores clear copyright law. The underlying copyright in the music DOES NOT belong someone merely b/c they buy a CD (ie, you don't get to copy the copyrighted material just b/c you own the CD). If (and I mean "if") fair use comes into play, fine, but that's not the justification that bestbuy is using here. All that talk about not transferring music files is just fluff.

>>>Do you rip store bought movies (DVDs)?
No, US copyright laws prohibit the ripping of commercial DVDs (such as store bought movie DVDs or DVDs that come as part of a CD set).

This also makes no sense. The copyright restriction on ripping commercial DVDs applies equally to music CDs. The fact that they might have DCMA protection on them is irrelevant for copyright purposes.

@TurboWagon00: Sleep is prep for work. You need a good night's sleep to get to work, so, like the cost of commuting, you have to do it in order to make your $$$.

If you do it secretively while at work (and getting paid your hourly wage) you will save even more.

Now, if you took a couple unpaid days off work to rip your cd's, then yes, you will likely be losing $. However, if you are the type of person who takes a day off to rip your music collection you likely have larger problems.

@selianth: bring in your 1987 Beatles CDs, see if you end up with remasters for $1 a CD!

In other related news: Jiffy lube charges to change your oil, Bath and Body works sells soap when you can make your own at home with lye and tallow, and Waiters/bartenders expect tips for bringing you your food when you have (more than likely) 2 good hands and 2 good feet.

If changing your oil takes 20 minutes and Jiffy lube charges $20 extra for the service why is charging $10 for ripping 10 CDs in the same amount of time an issue? Oh yeah because it's BestBuy and we all love to hate them.

@Jacquilynne: Sounds a little anal.

I have ripped many of my CDs, but there are some that I have just decided it wasn't worth the effort. So, not sure I woulda bothered with 600.

Let's say it takes 4 minutes to rip one CD and 50 utils of mental energy to think about met data. Ripping kalarari's 200 CDs, hence, takes about 13 hours of continuous repetition: insert CD, check and clean metadata, click RIP, do something else for 3 minutes, eject CD, repeat. Factor in the 10,000 utils of mental energy makes it clear that I'm not ripping my own collection any time soon.

But now let's say kalakari offered me $50 to rip his collection. I wouldn't do it for $50, but. I might do it for $100, or 50¢/CD. Considering that Best Buy is charging only twice as much as I would charge (plus shipping), it's really not all that bad of a deal.

Speaking as someone who is over 50, I have had no trouble figuring out how to rip/burn CD's and DVD's without any help. Some people, regardless of age, are just some people who are technologically handicapped.

As to this service, It can't possibly be legal. There is a big difference between you making a copy for your own use (legal), and someone paying you to make a copy from a source you do not own, which is what this Geek Squad service is really doing.

The term "Geek" is an insulting and derogatory term for a skilled technician. Anyone who considers themselves a "Geek" is not the person I want working on my equipment.

@llcooljabe:
This IS a good service, I would just be reluctant to allow BB to perform it!

Just last month, I FINALLY finished ripping my CD library (4370 discs total). This has been a "work in progress" ongoing since 2005. I would gladly have paid (several hundred dollars) for someone to come to my house and do the work for me.

Sure, it's EASY to do, but when you have more than a handful of discs it becomes very tedious very quickly, and for many people their time is more valuable than the money they would spend on such services. It's kind of depressing to realize I've spent a few hundred hours doing nothing but feeding a CD tray, editing metadata (gracenote is awful with most Classical and many Jazz recordings), and copying artwork.

Do I like Best Buy/Geek Squad? Nope, they both need to go away. Are they offering a service that some people want? yep. Should they be able to charge what ever they want for it? Yep, welcome to America!

Call within the next 10 minutes and you too can have your very own Minesweeper game! With all the installs being done for you, you'll have plenty of time to play!

Considering one minute of effort per CD, you are paying $1.35 per a minute of effort. Not to mention you also need to mail the package out - which takes time too.

If you do the walk-in and avoid shipping, that is $1 per minute. However, you are spending time and gas to get to the store and back (twice) and you spend time waiting in the store. Which depending on how far the store is, and how incompetent the folks there are, you might just end up spending more than 100 minutes on that quest.

Unless you are making a boat load of cash round the clock, spending $100 to save less than 100 minutes is a fairly bad call.

Note: this is not exactly a new proposition. In the 1970s there was a case, Goldstein vs California, where a company was doing almost the exact same thing: ripping vinyl to cassette. They got in trouble and that industry isn't around any more.

I realize that the Sony Betamax case came after and it blessed some types of recording equipment based on the potential to use them for fair use purposes (and that's why Apple, for example, doesn't get in trouble with its encoders), but this is different.

BTW: besides Sony Betamax, which allowed VCRs, what case or court ruled that for music, if you own the CD, you can rip to whatever medium you want for personal use? In Canada, that's true, but I have yet to come across that case in the US.

Still, you would think that BB ran this past a team of highly paid lawyers before moving ahead with it. Maybe.

My ass wiping fee scales with the weight of the wipee, and how fine of an ass it might be. For instance, Beyonce might get that service for free, whereas your average Walmart shopper might have to pay upwards of $500.

And then have you sign a waiver that holds them harmless for your CDs while in their custody.

Unless you've paid the $59.95 CD Backup Fee.

Also....$35 shipping kit??

I bet this is just a front for Best Buy to stock up on pirated music, just like they use computer repairs to stock up on porn.

I think, however, that this could turn into an interesting DMCA battle regarding circumventing copy-protection measures given the visibility of Best Buy. Either that, or the RIAA will think better of engaging one of the largest players in retail consumer electronics to try to argue such an unpopular position.

Crazy!

@rpm773:

Very well put, but hey - they are using their degrees to work at Best Buy in the first place.

Also, once they've built up a big enough library of other people's albums, that's a lot of ripping they actually don't have to do. "Another Kelly Clarkson 'Breakaway', cut and paste that directory.. Kanye, yup.. The Essential Michael Jackson, that's original..."

@Esquire99: No, that is not a good price. That's $30 an hour to do the work of a trained monkey.

Step 1 - Insert CD.
Step 2 - Click rip.
Step 3 - Remove CD.

If the cost of my time is worth more than the dollar cost of their labor, it is advantageous to me to use this service. The technological prowess of the user doesn't even factor into it, it's just a math problem.

If my "value per hour" * "number of hours to completion" > "cost of service", I should take advantage even if I know how to rip CDs myself.

Also, it may have to do with ripping software and quality of both the original disc and the desired rip, but there's no way on earth I could do 100 CDs with proper metadata in 3 hours. No f-n way.

@pecan 3.14159265:
Too many things to do during the day and not enough time to do them all?

Well let Best Buy's Geek Squad new Life Services do them for you!!!

That's right, Best Buy's World Famous Geek Squad, leaders in PC repair and Home Theatre setup are now providing a new service called Life Services. For the low price of $99.95 a day, a trained Geek Squad agent will assist you with your daily life.

Cant choos what to wear in the morning? Let a Geek Squad Agent choose your wardrobe. Black tie and White shirts are all the rage these days. Woke up late and cant shower? Geek Squad Agents will clean you for you and bring you up to your original working condition. Is there an important meeting coming up but you really need to use the restroom? Well a Geek Squad agent can take that dump for you. Too much paperwork to finish and your wife needs satisfying? Geek Squads 5 point marital needs training will make sure your wife is satisfied and in proper working order.

Remember to get the Extended Service Plan for only $59 dollars more for the life of you, which if unable to repair you, will replace you free of charge.*

*Some exclusions apply. Does not cover normal wear and tear. Life Failure due to abuse not covered and will void E.S.P.

I would have to assume that the target market for this is people 50 or older, with no children, who just want it done.

I'd rather make my mom pay $1 a CD for ripping than get stuck with the thankless task of teaching her to rip and burn CDs for the 9398398054th time.

I love my mom, but there's not enough patience in the world for that woman and technology.

What do I do with that shiny, new computer technology degree? Why, I rip Paul Anka CDs for his blue-haired septuagenarian fans, of course!

This is actually a good deal.

There are a bunch of services out there who charge a whole lot more. after all, there are a ton of people (like me) who have upwards of 400 cds who doesn't have the time to rip all of them, make sure the song titles are correct and artwork is correct. Sounds like they do it all for you for $1 a cd.

Must be a slow news day in consumerist land, huh?

I've actually contemplated launching this business model. The world has become tech-obsessed, and it seems like the tech-niave are jumping in head first. There is a huge segment of the population who are purchasing stockpiles of gadgets they don't really know how to use (and it seems like most of them are in my family and have my number on speed dial for "tech support" [i.e. I read the manual and show them how to use the device]). These people are willing to pay someone else to backup their hard-drives, install/update their virus-protection, set up their HDTV, print and archive pictures from their digital camera, and YES rip their CD's into iTunes.

I cam see the BB employee ripping music with their personal 1TB drive next to them, one for me, one for you, one for me, one for you...

@pecan 3.14159265: Maybe even offer to use it for you, so you never have to worry about trying to use one of those blasted and confusing math boxes again.

At the time, I had about 600 CDs, and for each disc, I ripped it to my computer (something that took a lot longer on that computer than it would on this one), cracked the jewel case and moved all of the liners and inserts into a plastic sleeve and filed the whole package in a drawer. It took me weeks of working on it in most of my spare time to get it all done and it was a tedious as hell process. The time between discs wasn't long enough to really do anything else, but it was long enough to be annoying sitting there waiting. My computer wasn't powerful enough to rip discs and do anything else memory intensive, so I couldn't play many games.

I have some services I'll offer too:

Turning on the computer, $25

Plugging computer into power strip, $30

Plugging other components into power strip, $20 per

Pushing power button on monitor, $10

Wiping your ass, $50

I want my files returned on a 32GB iPod Touch!

They'll begin charging us to walk into the store to look at computers on display!

This is the rip-off of the year!

If you don't know how to rip music off a CD, you're probably having someone read you this post.

That, or you've printed off the whole page to read it and mumble to yourself.

Oh, Geek Squad, what will you think of next?

They'll offer to turn on your computer for you.